Abstrakt

Harmful skin whitening with green chromatographic.

Josef Haik*

The current study focuses on the simultaneous detection of four skin whitening chemicals in facial creams and body lotions, including hydroquinone (HQ), resorcinol (RS), catechol (CC), and 3,3′-dichlorobenzidine (DCB). Because the first three are dihydroxybenzene positional isomers, simultaneous separation using the traditional reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic technique is problematic (RP-HPLC). Using micellar liquid chromatography and a photodiode array detector, the selected skin whitening agents were detected in facial cream and body lotion (MLC-PDA). The approach was optimized utilizing response surface methodology (RSM) and a central composite design in the current work (CCD). The analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to test the variance (ANOVA) was used to test the second-order polynomial model for forecasting the best chromatographic run time, and 3D response surface plots for the interactions between three variables were created. The concentration of surfactant (SDS), the percentage of organic modifier (OM), and the pH of the mobile phase were chosen as independent variables. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to test the second-order polynomial model for forecasting the best chromatographic run time, and 3D response surface plots for the interactions between three variables were created. The concentration of surfactant (SDS), the percentage of organic modifier (OM), and the pH of the mobile phase were chosen as independent variables. 0.15 M SDS and 7% 1-butanol were used in the optimized mobile phase, which was buffered at pH 7 using 0.01 M NaH2PO4.The chromatographic run time for simultaneous determination of selected analysts was 7.5 min. The correlation coefficient (r2) values were satisfactory between 0.998–0.999 over the linear concentration range. Limits of detection (LODs) and the limits of quantification (LOQs) for the four skin whitening agents were in the range of 0.05–0.07 μg/mg and 0.11–0.14 μg/mg, respectively. Trueness (98.4–102.7%) and precision (< 4.3%) were acceptable. The developed method was fast, cost-effective, and green which could easily analyze complex matrices (facial creams, body lotion) without any pretreatment other than filtration.