Abstrakt

Pediatric maxillofacial injuries in madinah - a retrospective study

Hasan Albeshir*, Sayed Waheed Ahmed, Mashael Awaji, Saeed Albalawi, Mahmood Samman, Hani Alahmadi

Objective: The objective of this retrospective study was to analyze the incidence, etiology and distribution pattern of maxillofacial injuries in the pediatric patients of King Fahad Hospital, Madinah. Method: Medical records of 865 pediatric patients were reviewed from 2014 to 2017. Relevant data in relation to demographics, age and sex, etiology/mechanism of injury, pattern and distribution of injuries were collected. The data was analyzed and results were compared with other studies. Results: The 0 to 6 years age group was commonly involved; peak incidence was at the age of five years. 360 soft tissue injuries were found in pediatric males and 178 in females whereas, 153 hard tissue injuries were documented in males and 69 in female patients. Laceration was the most common maxillofacial soft tissue injury (507) with a high frequency of 94% followed by Contusion 4% (20) and Dermabrasion 2%. Majority of lacerations were of the lips followed by those of the tongue, gingiva and face. Dental injuries constituted 59.45% of hard tissue injuries and 17.36% of the overall maxillofacial trauma in 132 pediatric patients. Avulsion injury in 56 children was most frequent and a majority of the affected teeth were lost. Dento-alveolar #'s were found in 5 cases (m: 4; f: 1) and Maxillo- Facial bone fractures in 85 (m: 6l; f: 24) children. Fractures of the Mandible were most common and majority of these were condylar fractures. Conclusion: There is a need at a national level for a public, parent and teacher education program on childcare and safety. Ambulance personnel and school teachers should be trained and licensed for basic 'On site' first aid procedures in dental and maxillofacial trauma.